ECED 13 SUMMARY: COMMON PROBLEMS OF ECED CHILDREN

SUMMARY: COMMON PROBLEM OF ECED CHILDREN
PHYSICAL PROBLEM
1. Sleep Problem- The most frequent sleep difficulty is wakefulness at night, which is most frequent between the ages of 1 and 4 years.
2.Pica- Pica is the eating of items generally regarded as inedible, for example soil, paint, and paper.
3. Hitting- is often a direct communication of frustration when a child is not getting his way. Young children often hit because they cannot speak the words to communicate their irritation.
4. Biting - Typically, this is a developmental teething issue and not behavioral. However, like hitting, it is an easy way for children who do not have verbal skills to express anger or frustrThis printable outlines common physical problems children may face with handwriting.
5. Personal Aggression Children who suck their thumb, grind their teeth, pull their teeth or rock or bang their heads include some of the negative habits that puts parents and other adults on edge. What may look like self-aggression is typically a bad habit a child formed and will most likely grow out of it. The article "Bad Habits, Annoying Behavior," published by the University of Michigan Health System, states that calling attention to the offending behavior, shouting or disciplining a child usually does not stop the habit. Instead, they suggest offering praise and encouragement when the child ceases the behavior.
Every person with an intellectual disability can learn and develop physically, mentally, socially and emotionally throughout life. However, learning may need more guidance, take more time and require more structure.

SOCIAL PROBLEM
1.Bullying
Bullying can take many forms; racial discrimination and sexual harassment are examples of abuse students can face. Child rearing influences, the characteristics of the child, and factors of the environment are cited as possible reasons why children bully. Most bullying occurs in the school environment so how schools respond to such interactions impacts the school climate.
2. Fear of Strangers
A baby’s temperament is reflected right from the way he or she reacts as an infant. Around 4 months of age, babies start trying to read people’s faces and behavior closely and try to differentiate between people who can be trusted and who cannot be trusted. Some babies are more extroverted and friendly than others and readily go to strangers

EMOTIONAL PROBLEM
1.Toddler Tantrums
Tantrums are a normal stage of toddler development. In some children, they just cross the limits and become intolerable. During this phase, the child cries uncontrollable, screams and yells, may throw things or even vomit. He or she may also try to hit the parents or caregivers if they do not get what they want or their whim is not catered to.
2.4. Childhood schizophrenia- This emotional disorder often affects a child's ability to develop normal social, educational and emotional skills and habits.
5. Tourette syndrome- This emotional problem is also considered a neurological disorder.

COGNITIVE PROBLEM

Causes of Cognitive problems in children

Fetal alcohol syndrome: Introduction
Alcohol can cause a range of birth defects, the most serious being fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS). Children born with alcohol-related ... more about Fetal alcohol syndrome.

Fetal alcohol syndrome: A pattern of mental and physical birth defects caused by excessive alcohol use during pregnancy. The range and severity of the symptoms may vary greatly.

Sickle Cell Anemia: Sickle cell anemia is an inherited blood disorder characterized by red blood cells which are crescent-shaped rather than the normal doughnut shape. These abnormally shaped red blood cells are unable to function normally and tend to undergo premature destruction which leads to anemia. If the genetic defect which causes the condition is inherited from both parents the condition can be quite severe whereas if it is inherited from only one parent, often there are no symptoms. The abnormally shaped red blood cells can cause problems when they clump together and block blood vessels.

Anemia (medical symptom): If your blood is low in red blood cells, you have anemia. Red blood cells carry oxygen (O2) to tissues and organs throughout your body and enable them to use the energy from food. Without oxygen, these tissues and organs--particularly the heart and brain--may not do their jobs as well as they should. For this reason, if you have anemia, you may tire easily and look pale.
The condition of having too few red blood cells. Healthy red blood cells carry oxygen throughout the body. If the blood is low on red blood cells, the body does not get enough oxygen. People with anemia may be tired and pale and may feel their heartbeat change.

Anemia is a process, not a disease, and is the most common disorder of the blood. Anemia occurs when the amount of red blood cells or hemoglobin (oxygen-carrying protein in the blood) in the blood becomes low, causing the tissues of the body to be deprived of oxygen-rich blood. It is characterized by a reduction in size, number, or color of red blood cells (RBC) which results in reduced oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood. The blood of an anemic person has trouble carrying oxygen to tissues and organs, in a sense, become "starved" of oxygen and without oxygen, the tissues cannot produce energy to function. In order for the body to stay healthy, organs and tissues need a steady supply of oxygen.

Depressive symptoms (medical symptom): Although depressive symptoms can obviously be caused by depressive disorders such asdepression, there are many other possible reasons that may lead to feelings of being down, sad or "depressed". Just because you feel "depressed", doesn't mean you have the medical condition of depression. Normal emotional reactions to grief, relationship problems, stress, and other non-disease issues may be the cause of negative feelings. Sometimes you can be down because of the effects of other symptoms like fatigue,tiredness, sleepiness, rather than actually any depressive symptoms, and you need to research these other symptoms as the real issue. Various physical (non-mental) conditions can cause depressive-like symptoms, or alternatively cause some of the other related symptoms (e.g. fatigue, tiredness). And the difficulty of coping with any type of chronic illness can bring you down. On the other hand, true depression and otherdepressive disorders are serious mental illnesses, and need to be considered seriously.